An ilib loctool plugin to parse and localize GNU gettext po files.
This plugin can parse and localize po or pot files written by
tools such as easygettext.
Entries in a PO file have the following format:
white-space
# translator-comments
#. extracted-comments
#: reference…
#, flag…
#| msgctxt previous-context
#| msgid previous-untranslated-string
msgctxt context
msgid untranslated-string
msgstr translated-string
The format is specified on the gnu website.
This plugin can read any file with this format. Individual entries
are registered at string resources and will appear in the extracted
xliff and the new strings files.
If an entry has a context line, it will get a context in the xliff
output and will be differentiated from other strings that have the
same source but a different (or missing). That is, two entries that
differ only by their context will appear as two separate strings in
the xliff output.
In POT files, there are often no translations, as it is the "template"
that is used to generate all the translated po files. This plugin can
support any string with or without translations.
This plugin can also support plural strings. Plurals have the following
format:
msgid untranslated-string-singular
msgid_plural untranslated-string-plural
msgstr[0] translated-string-case-0
...
msgstr[N] translated-string-case-n
The string in msgid will be considered to be the string for the
one category used as the singular in English source.
The msgstr_plural
will be considered the other category, which is used as the plural
string in English. See the
Unicode plural categories
document for details on what the categories mean.
The lines msgstr[0] through msgstr[N] are the translations of
these categories. The numbers are mapped to Unicode categories according
to the mappings included below in Appendix A. The mappings are different
for each language. That is, in one language, 0 might map to the one
category, whereas in another, it might be the zero category. The
strings in the xliff output will include the category only, and the
categories will be mapped back to numbers in the translated po file output.
Note that for some languages, the number of categories is different
than in English. For example, English uses 2 categories (one and
other) but Russian uses 3 (one, few, and other). The
xliff output will contain the right number of category strings for
the target language. Your translators should note the category given
in the extype attribute when translating each string. They will
not have to add or subtract any
xliff trans-unit entries. They only need to translate the contents
of the target tag in the given trans-units.
Input po or pot file:
msgid "There is {n} object."
msgstr_plural "There are {n} objects."
Output xliff snippet:
<trans-unit id="4" resname="There is {n} object." restype="plural" datatype="po" extype="one">
<source>There is {n} object.</source>
<target state="new">There is {n} object.</target>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit id="5" resname="There is {n} object." restype="plural" datatype="po" extype="few">
<source>There are {n} objects.</source>
<target state="new">There are {n} objects.</target>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit id="6" resname="There is {n} object." restype="plural" datatype="po" extype="other">
<source>There are {n} objects.</source>
<target state="new">There are {n} objects.</target>
</trans-unit>Note that the msgid string (the English singular) is used as the
resource name (resname) for each of the xliff entries so that
they can be connected again later when the xliff file is read in.
Also, the
source string for every category other than one is the source
string given on the msgstr_plural line.
The plugin will look for the po property within the settings
of your project.json file. The following setting is
used within the po property:
- mappings: a mapping between file matchers and an object that gives
info used to localize the files that match it. This allows different
po files within the project to be processed into different output
files. The matchers are
a micromatch-style string,
similar to the the
includes and excludes section of a
project.json file. The value of that mapping is an object that
can contain the following properties:
- template: a path template to use to generate the path to
the translated
output files. The template replaces strings in square brackets
with special values, and keeps any characters intact that are
not in square brackets. The default template, if not specified is
"[dir]/[locale].po". The plugin recognizes
and replaces the following strings in template strings:
- [dir] the original directory where the matched source file
came from. This is given as a directory that is relative
to the root of the project. eg. "foo/bar/strings.po" -> "foo/bar"
- [filename] the file name of the matching file.
eg. "foo/bar/strings.po" -> "strings.po"
- [basename] the basename of the matching file without any extension
eg. "foo/bar/strings.po" -> "strings"
- [extension] the extension part of the file name of the source file.
etc. "foo/bar/strings.po" -> "po"
- [locale] the full BCP-47 locale specification for the target locale
eg. "zh-Hans-CN" -> "zh-Hans-CN"
- [language] the language portion of the full locale
eg. "zh-Hans-CN" -> "zh"
- [script] the script portion of the full locale
eg. "zh-Hans-CN" -> "Hans"
- [region] the region portion of the full locale
eg. "zh-Hans-CN" -> "CN"
- [localeDir] the full locale where each portion of the locale
is a directory in this order: [langage], [script], [region].
eg, "zh-Hans-CN" -> "zh/Hans/CN", but "en" -> "en".
- [localeUnder] the full BCP-47 locale specification, but using
underscores to separate the locale parts instead of dashes.
eg. "zh-Hans-CN" -> "zh_Hans_CN"
- localeMap: an output locale map that maps the locale used in the
translations to a different locale for use in the file name template.
For example, an app may wish to use the locale specifier "zh-CN"
instead of the full "zh-Hans-CN" for some output files, but not
all of them. In this case, a locale map for this template mapping
is how this can be achieved. Any locale not listed in the mapping
will be used as-is. The overall [shared] locale map is also applied
if there is no locale map in the template mapping for a particular
locale.
- ignoreComments: specify whether to ignore types of comments. Possible values are:
-
true All comment types should be ignored
-
false No comment types should be ignored (default)
- Array of strings. Name the types of comments that should be
ignored. Possible values are:
- "translator" - ignore translator comments (prefix is "# ")
- "extracted" - ignore comments extracted from the source code (prefix is "#.")
- "flags" - ignore special processing flags (prefix is "#,")
- "previous" - ignore previous translation (prefix is "#|")
- "paths" - ignore file names and line numbers (prefix is "#:")
- headerLocale: specify what kind of locale to put in the file header. Possible values
are:
-
full: put the fully specified locale spec in the header
-
abbreviated: put an abbreviated locale spec in the header (language only)
-
mapped: put the results of the output locale mapping (see above) into the header
- contextInKey: some translation management systems cannot support separate context
fields, and therefore two translation units that only differ in their context cannot
be distinguished from each other. If this setting is set to "true", then the context
is added to the key for a unit. eg. if the string is "Sent" and the context is "Email",
a translation unit will be produced with the key "Sent --- Email" and the source string
is "Sent".
Example configuration:
{
"settings": {
"po": {
"mappings": {
"**/template.pot": {
"template": "resources/[locale].po",
"ignoreComments": ["paths"]
},
"sublibrary/**/library.pot": {
"template": "[dir]/[locale].po",
"localeMap": {
"nb-NO": "no",
"sr-Cyrl-RS": "sr-RS",
"zh-Hans-CN": "zh-CN"
},
"ignoreComments": true
}
}
}
}
}In the above example, any file named template.pot will be localized and
the output is sent to a file named after the target locale located in the
resources directory. In these files, the translator and extracted
type of comments are ignored and will not be extracted into the resources
and therefore will not appear in the xliff files.
In the second part of the example, any library.pot file that appears in
the sublibrary directory will be localized and the results sent to a
po file named after each target locale which will appear in the same
directory where the source file was located. If the locale is one of the
ones listed in the locale map, it will be mapped before being substituted
in to the template. For these files, all comment types are ignored and none
are sent to the translators in the xliff files.
If the name of the localized file that the template produces is the same as
the source file name, this plugin will throw an exception, the file will not
be localized, and the loctool will continue on to the next file.
Copyright © 2019, 2022-2023 JEDLSoft
This plugin is license under Apache2. See the LICENSE
file for more details.
See CHANGELOG.md
Appendix A. Mappings From GNU gettext Plural Number and Unicode Category
These mappings are encoded in the file pluralforms.json which is packaged
with this plugin. The languages are listed below by their ISO 639 2 letter codes.
This plugin assumes that any language not explicitly listed below has only the
one and other categories.
| number |
category |
| 0 |
zero |
| 1 |
one |
| 2 |
two |
| 3 |
few |
| 4 |
many |
| 5 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
zero |
| 1 |
one |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
two |
| 2 |
few |
| 3 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
other |
| number |
category |
| 0 |
one |
| 1 |
few |
| 2 |
other |