intl-schematic

Stupidly simple, incredibly tiny, blazingly fast.

This is a tiny framework-agnostic i18n library (1kb gzip, zero-dependency) that allows to localize and format strings with infinitely expandable functionality.

• 🦺 Full type-safety: full autocomplete on translation keys, typed translation parameters and more;
• 🎄 Tree-shakable: only take what you need;
• 🌌 Truly universal: one-size-fits-all solution - able to suit any project setup;
• 🎈 Incredibly lightweight: less than 1kb for the core package, less than 5kb for every feature imaginable.
• 🧩 Easily integrates with UI-frameworks: we don't play favorites here - every framework can use this;
• 🔌 Pluginable: extend any processing step without limits - see the plugins API for more;
• 📃 JSON-validation using a JSON-schema: intellisense and popup hints right in the translation document;
• 🚫 No string-interpolation: translation strings will never be processed or mangled by-default, so all unicode symbols are safe to use;

Table of contents

• Basic Usage
  • Define a translation document factory
  • Create a translator function (t())
  • Use the translator function
• Using with reactive frameworks
  • Current framework integrations
• Plugins
  • List
  • Add default plugins and processors
• Using with JSON-schema
  • Plugins that define a property.schema.json
• No-goals

Basic Usage

See a simplified example below and don't be afraid to take a look into the sources to find out more.

Define a translation document factory

// In the real world, this function would probably contain
// a dynamic import of the required translation document
const getDocument = () => ({
  "hello": "Hello, World!"
});

Create a translator function (t())

import { createTranslator } from 'intl-schematic';

const t = createTranslator(getDocument);

// OR

const t = createTranslator(getDocument, [
  // Add optional plugins here
  // they will be applied to translations in corresponding order
]);

Use the translator function

console.log(t('hello')); // `Hello, World!`

Using with reactive frameworks

Many other i18n libraries require deep integration into a specific UI-framework.
This, however, is not the case with intl-schematic, due to its framework-agnostic and isomorphic architecture.

The only requirement to make it behave "natively" for a certain framework, is to simply add a reactive dependency to a closure of getLocaleDocument function (the first argument of createTranslator).

Here's an example in a "reactive pseudocode":

// Define a reactive variable;
// Solid
const userLocale = createSignal(new Intl.Locale('en'));
// Vue
const userLocale = ref(new Intl.Locale('en'));

const fetchDocument = () => {
  // Somehow get a value from the reactive variable
  const language = get(userLocale).language;
  // Suppose you have a translation document in the `locales` folder
  return import(`/locales/${language}.json`);
};

// Create a reactive variable for a translation document
const currentDocument = createSignal();

// Then, in a reactive context (like a UI component)
const t = createTranslator(
  // If this function is invoked in a reactive context,
  // the framework will most likely track this as a reactive dependency
  () => get(currentDocument)
);

// useEffect/watch/computed
createEffect(() => {
  // Since calling `fetchDocument`
  // involves getting a value from a reactive variable,
  // this is tracked as a reactive dependency and will re-run accordingly
  fetchDocument()
    .then(newDocument => set(currentDocument, newDocument));
});

<p>{t('some key')}</p> // Some text

// Then change the locale
set(userLocale, new Intl.Locale('es'));

// The text re-renders automatically once the new translation document is fetched
<p>{t('some key')}</p> // Algún texto

Even though something like this is fairly trivial to implement, given a basic knowledge of any specific UI-framework, intl-schematic still offers some "in-house"-made integrations:

Current framework integrations

• @intl-schematic/solid - reactive adapter for solid-js
  • Allows to use wrapper components like <Intl> or <Multiline> to simplify working with multipart string translations in need of complex styling
  • Creates a reactive resource with the locale document and user's locale that is then passed in a closure to intl-schematic and user-defined plugins
• @intl-schematic/vue - reactive adapter for vue
  • Utilizes a watcher to reactively fetch the needed document based on user locale
• @intl-schematic/react - reactive adapter for react
  • Utilizes a useEffect hook to reactively fetch the needed document based on user locale

If you want an integration for your favorite framework, feel free to contibute or create an issue!

Plugins

This is by far the main strength of the library.

Translating keys relies on simple key-value lookup, and most i18n libraries add many unnecessary features on top of this primitive functionality.

intl-schematic instead provides a way to extend both its functionality and type definitions in a comprehensive enough way, so that anyone can pick and choose what exact features are needed for their project without any bloat whatsoever.

In other words, plugins allow to almost infinitely expand the functionality of intl-schematic.

To find out more, see the main plugins readme.

List

Current list of all official plugins is as follows:

• @intl-schematic/plugin-defaults
  • recommended collection of plugins that should be useful to most applications
• @intl-schematic/plugin-arrays (included in defaults)
  • use arrays to cross-reference keys and define complex multiline texts
• @intl-schematic/plugin-functions
  • use plain functions directly in translation documents with type-checked parameters
• @intl-schematic/plugin-locale (included in defaults)
  • provider plugin, allows other plugins to use the provided Intl.Locale instance
• @intl-schematic/plugin-nested
  • access nested keys in deep multi-level objects
• @intl-schematic/plugin-processors (included in defaults)
  • apply custom and default processors to format the user inputs

Add default plugins and processors

You might want to install the default plugin collection:

npm i @intl-schematic/plugin-defaults

These allow to use standard Intl features, like DateTimeFormat, PluralRules and DisplayNames, as well as cross-reference keys and many other features.

import { createTranslator } from 'intl-schematic';
import { defaultPlugins, defaultProcessors } from '@intl-schematic/plugin-defaults';

const getDocument = () => ({
  price: {
    // Processor name - number - means process with Intl.NumberFormat
    number: {
      // Intl.NumberFormat options
      style: "currency",
      currency: "USD",
      currencyDisplay: "symbol",
      trailingZeroDisplay: "stripIfInteger"
    },
    input: 0 // fallback
 }
});

const getLocale = () => new Intl.Locale('en');

const t = createTranslator(getDocument, defaultPlugins(
  getLocale,
  defaultProcessors
));

console.log(t('price', 123)); // "$123"

Using with JSON-schema

intl-schematic, as well as its plugins, defines a JSON-schema API designed specifically to allow type-checking JSON translation documents.

Using the CLI

Broken right now, see manual definition.

To quickly define the translation.schema.json for your translation documents, you can run the official CLI in your project's root:

npx intl-schematic init
# or provide an optional custom file name
npx intl-schematic init ./locales/my-translation.schema.json

And then use it in your translation document:

// en.json
{
  // Path to the schema from the example above
  "$schema": "./translation.schema.json",
  "key": "Translation of my key"
}

import translation from './en.json';

const t = createTranslator(() => translation);

// Etc., see example at the start of this file

Note: the $schema key will be automatically excluded
from type hints for t() for your convenience!

Manual definition

To define a JSON-schema for your translation documents, simply create a .schema.json file with this template:

// translation.schema.json
{
  "$ref": "https://unpkg.com/intl-schematic/translation.schema.json",
  "additionalProperties": {
    "anyOf": [
      // Definition for the default string key-value pair
      {
        "$ref": "https://unpkg.com/intl-schematic/property.schema.json",
      }
      // Add references to more allowed types for your schema
      /* for example, @intl-schematic/plugin-processors definition:
      {
        "$ref": "https://unpkg.com/@intl-schematic/plugin-processors/property.schema.json"
      }
      */
    ]
  }
}

Plugins that define a property.schema.json

Not all plugins have a property.schema.json file, not all of them need to.
Here's a list of the ones that do:

• @intl-schematic/plugin-arrays (included in defaults)
  • use arrays to cross-reference keys and define complex multiline texts
• @intl-schematic/plugin-processors (included in defaults)
  • apply custom and default processors to format the user inputs
• @intl-schematic/plugin-nested
  • access nested keys in deep multi-level objects

No-goals

Even though custom plugins can do literally anything with keys, values, and translation documents,
the core library will not support:

• Translation key nesting using dot-notation: needlessly complicates key lookup and maintenance;
  • Instead use namespaced keys or the nested plugin (which supports dot-notation!);
• String interpolation: the library by-itself does not and will not do any processing on the strings.